| Specification | Details |
| Size | 8–12 mm (varies by species and region) |
| Shape | Oval or ellipsoidal with a flat side |
| Weight | 0.12–0.15 grams per bean |
| Color | Light to dark brown, varying by roast level |
| Moisture Content | 10-12% |
| Density | 0.6–0.8 g/cm³ |
| Hardness | Varies by type, typically 5-7 on the Mohs scale |
| Surface Texture | Smooth to slightly wrinkled |
| Aroma | Strong, nutty, earthy, or floral, depending on roast and variety |
| Chemical Composition | High in caffeine, chlorogenic acids, lipids, carbohydrates |
| Bean Type | Arabica, Robusta, Liberica, Excelsa |